Assessment Practice groups policy questions about how student learning itself is measured and used, separate from the named cross-national testing programs grouped under International Assessment Program and the standards documents grouped under State Standards Initiative. Belongs here: debates and reform proposals over the design, use and stakes of testing as an instrument of grading, promotion or school accountability, such as standardized testing itself. Does not belong here: a specific international comparative assessment program, a state or national curriculum standards document, or a statute or court ruling that touches testing only as one clause within a broader law.