Theories that locate thinking in the body, the setting and the tools around the learner rather than only in the head, including embodied cognition, situated cognition, distributed cognition, enactivism and the four E accounts. A theory belongs here when the cited article defines cognition as shaped by the body, the activity or the environment. It excludes the classic information processing models, which sit in their own group.
Embodied, Situated and Distributed Cognition Theories
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Distributed Cognition (Wikipedia)
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Distributed cognition is an approach to cognitive science research that was developed by cognitive anthropologist Edwin Hutchins during the 1990s.
Wikipedia: Embodied Cognition
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Embodied cognition represents a diverse group of theories which investigate how cognition is shaped by the bodily state and capacities of the organism.
Wikipedia: Situated Cognition
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Situated cognition is a theory that posits that knowing is inseparable from doing by arguing that all knowledge is situated in activity bound to social, cultural and physical contexts.
Enactivism (Wikipedia)
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Enactivism is a theory in cognitive science that argues that cognition arises through interaction between an acting organism and its environment, with historical roots in Buddhism, phenomenology, and the cognitive sciences.
4E Cognition (Wikipedia)
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4E cognition refers to a group of theories in (the philosophy of) cognitive science that challenge traditional views of the mind as something that happens only inside the brain.
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