Learning and Cognitive Theorists groups psychologists and researchers whose central contribution is an account of how learning itself works in the mind or in behavior, separate from a theorist whose main contribution is a curriculum, an assessment design or a whole school system. Belongs here: behaviorist and cognitive psychologists such as B.F. Skinner, Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky and Jerome Bruner; social, cognitive and motivational theorists such as Albert Bandura, Carol Dweck and Carl Rogers; and researchers who named a specific learning mechanism, such as John Sweller's cognitive load theory, Allan Paivio's dual-coding theory, Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences, George Siemens's connectivism, Jack Mezirow's transformative learning and Malcolm Knowles's andragogy. Does not belong here: a theorist whose main legacy is a curriculum or assessment framework built using one of these mechanisms, such as Benjamin Bloom, grouped under Curriculum and Instructional Design Theorists.