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Learning Theory and Concepts

Individual Education

Constructivist and Situated Learning Theories

Individual education is a school system grounded in Alfred Adler's individual psychology and designed by the psychologist Raymond Corsini, built on democratic rather than authoritarian principles. Instead of mandating a fixed curriculum and attendance schedule, the system lets students choose their own classes, set their own pace, and work with a teacher-adviser, combining academic work, creative and applied courses, and socialization within a structure that keeps only three rules, all concerned with safety and supervision. Its underlying aim is to produce self-reliant, responsible individuals who respect themselves and others, in contrast to traditional schooling's reliance on grades, competition, and external rewards. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

Facts
Classification
Education Level
Primary Education (ISCED 1) 1
Education Level
Lower Secondary Education (ISCED 2) 1
Education Level
Upper Secondary Education (ISCED 3) 1
Partially Attested
Origin Year
1977 1
1977 is the year of Corsini's published article describing the system; the History section says only that he recognized the underlying problem in the late 1960s.
Core Claim
Individual education is a school system rooted in Alfred Adler's individual psychology, designed by Raymond Corsini. 1
FAQs

Do students in individual education receive grades or homework?

No grades are given and homework is only assigned if the child asks for it.

No. In the individual education school system, academic progress reports are kept on children but grades are not given out. There is also no homework unless the child asks for it. Children are tested weekly on average, but the children are the ones who request to be tested, and teachers cannot demand that tests be written.
Sources
1. Individual education (Wikipedia)
  • References
    Corsini, Ray (1977)
  • Lead, sentence 1
    Individual education is a school system rooted in the individual psychology of Alfred Adler.
  • Article text
    The original individual education school, Ho'Ala School in Wahiawa, Hawaii, continues to be in operation for kindergarten to grade 12.
  • In Group: Progressive and Child-Centered Education Models, Lead
    Individual education is a school system rooted in the individual psychology of Alfred Adler.
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