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European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS)

European Reform Process

The European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) is a standard for measuring and comparing academic credit earned at higher education institutions across Europe, first piloted in the late 1980s under the Erasmus programme before being adopted more widely as part of the Bologna Process. It assigns a credit value to each course based on the workload required to achieve its learning outcomes, allowing students' study and examination results to be recognized when they transfer between institutions in different countries.

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