The Doctor of Philosophy, universally abbreviated PhD, is the terminal degree in most academic disciplines and represents the highest level of formal academic achievement a scholar can earn. Candidates undertake original research culminating in a dissertation that must be defended before expert examiners and is expected to be worthy of peer reviewed publication. The degree traces its roots to the medieval University of Paris but took its modern research-focused form at the University of Berlin in the early nineteenth century, a model that spread internationally and now governs doctoral study in the sciences, humanities and professional fields alike. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Facts
Qualification LevelDoctoral degree (terminal academic degree) 1 Awarding Body TypeUniversities and research institutions 1 Typical Duration3 to 8 years beyond a bachelor's degree, depending on country and field 1 Country of OriginOriginated at the medieval University of Paris; modern research-doctorate form developed in early 19th century Germany 1 Established Year Field of StudyGeneral; awarded across all academic disciplines 1 Classification
Qualification Type Qualification Level
Qualification Level (ISCED category)Doctoral or Equivalent (ISCED 8) 1 Connections
Associated With
The Bologna Process introduced the three-cycle degree structure of bachelor, master and doctorate across the European Higher Education Area, per its own live entity-description.
Source Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) (Wikipedia)
The European Qualifications Framework places doctoral-level qualifications at the top of its eight-level scale, per its own live entity-description.
Source Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) (Wikipedia)
Habilitation is earned several years after a PhD and is typically required for a full professorship, per Habilitation's own live entity-description.
Source Habilitation (Wikipedia)
The modern research-focused PhD took its form at the University of Berlin in the early nineteenth century, a model that spread internationally, per the PhD's own live entity-description.
Source Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) (Wikipedia)
Long-Form Articles
Sources
1. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationDefinition section
A terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline
- Infobox and lead section
- Body text describing awarding body
- Body text on duration and requirements
- History or overview section
- Body text on scope and subject coverage
- History section
Description, qualification-type classification
The Doctor of Philosophy, universally abbreviated PhD, is the terminal degree in most academic disciplines and represents the highest level of formal academic achievement a scholar can earn.
Associated With: Bologna Process, Entity description, Bologna Process
It introduced the three-cycle degree structure of bachelor, master and doctorate, the ECTS credit system for recognizing study across borders, and cooperative quality assurance.
Associated With: European Qualifications Framework (EQF), Entity description, European Qualifications Framework
a common reference framework... that translates different countries' national qualifications systems onto a single scale of eight levels, from basic general education to doctoral-level qualifications.
Associated With: Humboldt University of Berlin, Entity description, Doctor of Philosophy
The degree traces its roots to the medieval University of Paris but took its modern research-focused form at the University of Berlin in the early nineteenth century, a model that spread internationally.
View the Source Habilitation (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationAssociated With: Habilitation, Entity description, HabilitationQuote, Associated With: Habilitation, Entity description, Habilitation
Habilitation is the highest academic qualification awarded in Germany, Austria and a number of other continental European countries, earned several years after a PhD and typically required for a full professorship.
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